If you are interested in aircraft engines then knowing about
turbo jet engine is highly recommended as it is the most widely used engine
still today. Turbo jet engine was patented by Maxime Guillaume in 1921. But due
to limitation of technology it was never constructed. They needed advance
compressor which was not available at that time. The actual aircraft running on turbojet
engine was developed in 1939.
Most of us has noticed the big fan like mechanism shown in image below in some passenger aircraft. This big fan is nothing but it is an intake of turbojet engine
Turbojet engine is an air breathing engine used in aircraft.
As it has lower efficiency at low vehicle speed this engine is used in aircraft
only. It produces thrust due to acceleration of hot combustion gases through
exhaust nozzle.
Famous company Rolls Royce has also given design
of turbojet engine which is shown below
Construction
Turbojet engine consists of diffuser, compressor, combustion
chamber, turbine and exhaust nozzle. This components are placed as shown in
line diagram of simple turbo jet engine.
Working
Air enters into engine through diffuser placed in front of
engine which creates ramming effect. This rammed air into the compressor and is
compressed further. This compressed air is used for combustion of fuel in
combustion chamber this produces sufficient power to run the compressor. The
combusted gases enters in turbine and exhaust through exhaust nozzle which
produces forward thrust on aircraft. Turbo jets mostly run on brayton cycle.
Advantage
1. Less maintenance is required.
2. Weight t power ratio is lesser compared to I.C. engine
propelled system
3. Turbojets are suitable for longer travel at high altitude
and speed.
4. Thrust or power output are not limited.
1. Capital cost is higher.
2. Requires longer runway for takeoff and landing.
3. Fuel economy at lower speed is poor.
Application
Turbojet engines are most widely used in passenger aircrafts. It is also used with combination of ramjet in some high speed application.
You can find some interesting information on turbojet from
link given below.
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